Q1: |
in sahli's method can you use sulfuric acid or nitric acid instead of hydrochloric acid? Explain your answer |
PAMITA SHRINGARE |
8/11/2015 |
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Q2: |
what is the composition of blood? |
Jayhart Alderite |
3/6/2014 |
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Q3: |
corpuscle |
bilal |
3/10/2013 |
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Q4: |
what is blood and its function? |
AJ |
4/7/2013 |
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Q5: |
diffrent kind of blood cell and their importance |
saram ali |
22/1/2012 |
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Q6: |
can nitric acid or sulphuric acid be used for dilution in sahli's method instead of HCL? |
tina |
7/11/2010 |
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Q7: |
sir, what is the difference between cosmology plasma and blood plasma |
ganesh |
26/10/2010 |
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Q8: |
Sir, how do you have this much of knowledge?? |
guest |
21/4/2010 |
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Q9: |
why the blood clotting process reqires so much of factors as well ascascades? |
sagar |
12/2/2010 |
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Q10: |
suggest minor research projects in microbiology ? |
prakash borkar |
27/4/2009 |
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Q11: |
I am currently working on a Healthy Breathing and Heart education program for indigineous australians. Can you pleae advise me of the process to gain permission to reproduce some of the animation titled blood and it's Composition? |
Kristin O'Brien |
14/4/2009 |
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Just send us an email or a reply to this question as to what do you want from the animation |
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Q12: |
what is the molecular cause of lukemia |
D.jay |
15/3/2009 |
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Q13: |
when is the blood said to exert pressure |
sarah |
6/3/2009 |
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Q14: |
why Hcl iz used t find the percentage of hb in blood?? |
Sana |
25/2/2009 |
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Q15: |
IF R.B.C IS A CELL THEN WHY DOES IT NOT HAVE THE COMPONENTS OF NORMAL CELL ? |
samreen |
11/1/2009 |
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Q16: |
if ESR value is 38 what is its effect |
Amita |
12/12/2008 |
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Q17: |
why human RBC are not nucleated and poultry RBC are Nucleated? |
thesiya |
29/11/2008 |
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Q18: |
what are the various tests carried out clinically on blood to find the composition of it?? |
vaishali |
18/11/2008 |
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Q19: |
Why is partial removal of liver not harmful? |
pankhuri |
30/10/2008 |
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Q20: |
is there no medication to alleviate the increased level of esr and to bring it to the normal level. |
simanchalratha |
12/7/2008 |
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Q21: |
What is open and close circulation? |
Sanjeev Bhardwaj |
16/4/2008 |
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Q22: |
give cytology of cancer ? |
gazal borkar |
10/4/2008 |
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Q23: |
how to test antibacterial action of pyrimidine product |
prakash |
3/4/2008 |
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Q24: |
how T cells work against hiv ? |
prakash |
3/4/2008 |
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Q25: |
Does the level of blood sugar depend on whether it is day or night? |
aneri |
31/3/2008 |
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During the day the blood sugar fluctuates widely this is due to changes in exercise or activity level, Snacks and food timing, type and quantity. So after breakfast and lunch the sugar rises and then falls after two hours of meals, if snacks are taken in between it shoots up before it can reach a low. However during the night the beta cells in the pancreas can secrete insulin periodically in bursts for about eight hours, the lowest blood sugar of the day usually occurs around 2 a.m. Around 3 a.m., the liver converts the carbohydrate it has stored, (known as glycogen) into glucose, and dumps it into the blood stream. This raises the blood sugar, causing it to rise toward breakfast back to its normal level. |
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Q26: |
is alcohol one of the blood composition? |
aireen |
25/3/2008 |
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No, alcohol is not a component of blood |
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Q27: |
how to increase yield of T cell to fight hiv |
prakash B |
17/3/2008 |
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Most T cells are made before birth or during the early years of childhood. As T cells are intended to last for life, the thymus undergoes a process during childhood termed thymic involution, in which fat gradually replaces functional thymic tissue. Researchers are experimenting with growth hormone (GH) enhances thymic function in aged mice. GH treatment markedly increased thymic mass, and appeared to double the number of newly made T-cells. Interleukin (IL)-7 and interleukin-2, or IL-2 are another potential enhancer of T-cell production. IL-7 enhances T-cell production by providing crucial survival signals to developing human T cells. |
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Q28: |
BIURET TEST& LAWRY METHOD |
GOPAL & PRAVEEN |
29/2/2008 |
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Protein is one of three main constituents that are required for growth and maintenance. Plant source provide weaker or lesser amino acids as compared to animal source. Biuret test indicates the presence of protein in plant or animal sources. It requires the presence of at least two peptide bonds. Other tests are ninhydrin or Breadford. The Lowry method uses the reaction of protein with alkaline copper tartrate. It relies on the reduction of copper(II) ions to copper(I).The reduction of folin-ciocalteu phenol reagent primarily by tyrosine and tryptophan, and to smaller extent by Sulphur containing amino acid cystine and the imidazole amino acid histidine. A violet color indicates the presence of proteins. The intensity of the color is directly proportional to the protein concentration. |
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Q29: |
why in vitamin k deficiency the shape of RBC's change become swollen and sphericle? |
alaa |
25/2/2008 |
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Does it? We are not very sure about the shape affecting behavior of Vitamin K. Vitamin K is mainly known as the clotting vitamin, because without it blood would not clot. The principal overall effect of vitamin K is to shorten the prothrombin time. It helps to maintain the formation of normal prothrombin and factor VII in the blood and thus takes part in normal coagulation. When an injury occurs, these molecules rapidly assemble into proteins and form the blood clot. These proteins require vitamin K for their synthesis in the body. |
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Q30: |
did you provid detaile note on hematology ? |
tigist gezmu |
18/2/2008 |
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See we have covered blood and its composition in the animation but we have not covered the blood-forming organs or the blood diseases. Therefore, in that way we have covered hematology completely but only a part of it. |
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Q31: |
estimation of hemoglobin is done by which methods and which is accurate method ? i need picture also |
ARUNKUMAR.T |
31/8/2007 |
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Methods used to find the hemoglobin concentration, are chemical, gas determination or rapid arterial blood gas analyzer or automatic globin counting method, in-vivo spectrometric, specific density and calorimetric method. Drawbacks of first four are either time consuming/ troublesome, low precision, or need special equipment. Calorimetric (acid hematin - Sahli's and cyanmet-hemoglobin - Drabkin's) is mostly used and most popular. These methods are rapid and precise (2.61% accuracy or 1.2g/l) |
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Q32: |
i need full details about Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) ) and disorders of coagulation(hemophilia)? |
ARUNKUMAR.T |
17/8/2007 |
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A bleeding disorder where blood clotting is affected due to low number of platelets (40000 or lower instead of 150,000 above). The immune system malfunctions and attacks platelets as if they were foreign substances. The risk of bleeding increases, blood vessels below skin in lower legs bleed into pinpoint spots (petechiae). Nosebleeds, bleeding gums occurs. Acute occurs in children after viral infection, goes away in 6 months, chronic ITP lasts longer than 6 months and is more common in adults. |
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Q33: |
how blue baby is formed ? reasons & how to cure |
arunkumar.t |
17/8/2007 |
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Blue baby is an infant with a heart or lung defect causing skin to have a bluish tint (cyanosis), this happens due to oxygen-poor blood in the arteries circulating through the tissues. One of the reasons is that the pulmonary artery is too narrow to allow sufficient blood into the lungs for oxygenation. Previously this was fatal nowadays it is easily corrected by medications, cardiac catheterization or surgery. Refer this link for info http://heart.health.ivillage.com/signssymptoms/bluebaby.cfm |
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Q34: |
tell me how human heart works ? |
Qamar |
16/8/2007 |
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Oxygen the second one (left ventricle) pumps oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the body using the squeezing action of the extremely strong cardiac muscles that operate it 2.5 billion times without resting throughout the life and circulates blood around the body about 1000 times a day. Between the upper atria and lower ventricle there is a valve that allows the blood to flow in the correct direction. |
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Q35: |
why we should not drink water immediately after taking food |
pawanjot |
9/8/2007 |
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It is a myth that water taken during the meals dilutes the hydrochloric acid resulting in slow digestion, no study has been able to prove or disprove this, it is okay to drink water before during or after the meal, actually a glass of water every two hours is recommended for proper hydration of the body and about 2 liters of water intake per day is necessary. |
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Q36: |
Can you tell me how to study biology & physics? |
Manisha |
9/5/2007 |
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Biology is a visual subject and needs inspection and experimentation rather than learning by rote, studying the parts of plants in a book is different from actually handling a few real ones and inspecting them. However, since not everything can be accessed by you, take help of Internet and science TV channels like discovery and national geographic. Physics needs imagination and experimentation. Internet has animation and simulation to support both. Small experiments can be done at home too. |
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Q37: |
I want to be a doctor.Can you give me good advices to acheive to this target? Hope your reply soon. |
Manisha |
9/5/2007 |
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Entry into most medical colleges is done based on entrance tests; strong concepts in subjects of biology, physics and chemistry are required, as tests contain multiple choice type questions. So a rote method does not work, understanding does. Hone your knowledge on the previous test papers or question banks available, appear for entrance tests of as many colleges as you can, scout around for opportunities abroad. Speak to those who have passed through to check whether the approach is correct. |
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Q38: |
is the plasma protein globulin an antibody or does it produce antibodies? |
Yasmeen |
28/4/2007 |
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Antibodies are proteins. Large quantities of antibodies are found in plasma. The plasma proteins can be separated into albumin, alpha, beta and gamma globulins. As a group, antibodies are also called as gamma globulins, since they occur in that part of plasma. They are also called as immunoglobulins. In short, plasma protein gamma globulins are antibodies; not to be confused with plasma cells that produce antibodies. |
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Q39: |
mechanisms that white blood cells use to carry out their roles |
vnq |
23/4/2007 |
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Neutrophils use phagocytosis , Basophils release chemical as antigens response causing inflammation, B cells make antibodies that bind to pathogens to enable their destruction, T cells co-ordinate the immune response and virus cells, Natural killer cells kill infected cells of the body, Monocytes perform phagocytosis and create signals, macrophages also perform phagocytosis. Eosinophils fight viral infections |
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Q40: |
haemostasis animations |
smitha |
10/3/2007 |
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Though we have not used the term “Hemostasis” but have covered in our animation, vasoconstriction, primary hemostasis (platelet plug formation), and also covered Secondary hemostasis or coagulation. We will shortly add disorders of hemostasis - platelet disorders (Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) ) and disorders of coagulation(hemophilia), this is right now under research. |
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Q41: |
PLEASE TRANSLATE TO OTHER LANGUAGE |
AZIELA |
27/2/2007 |
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We have started to work on japanese version of our site, spanish and arabic will follow, we will keep on adding more languages in the course of time - thanks for the feedback - Admin |
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Q42: |
my son and myself, mom have g6pd, my daughter does not can u explain what this is and where it comes from? |
terry |
31/1/2007 |
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G6PD (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) is an enzyme that ensures that RBC function normally. A gene present on X chromosome causes G6PD deficiency that results in RBC destruction and Hemolytic anemia. It is passed along in genes from one or both parents to a child. This abnormality is more in males than females as males have one X-chromosome. This gene modification may have originated in Africa as a shield against malaria. Pls refer : http://www.kidshealth.org/parent/general/aches/g6pd.html |
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Q43: |
sir ,I n my recent blood test the Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is 20mm is that a major problem in terms of infection.What is the cause for such a disorder .what is the treatment. |
sreekanth |
16/1/2007 |
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Hi Sreekanth, we suggest that you see a qualified “physical” Doctor to confirm if this reading should be a cause for concern, we are not in a position to advice you; nothing works better than a physical examination. Secondly, a collective inference drawn from the full report will give a true picture rather than a single reading. |
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Q44: |
Sir what is the role of Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in the blood .What is its optimal value of it.What are the effects if it goes high. |
sreekanth |
15/1/2007 |
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It increases with RBC inflammation: 1-hour test, measures mm the top of the RBC layer falls in 200 mm tube leaving blood serum visible above. Forces opposing rate: negative charge on rbc, their rigidity, plasma upflow. Forces supporting are anaemia, and plasma proteins. Normal values: Men: 0-15 mm/hr, Women: 0-20 mm/hr. Elevation of the ESR indicates infection : temporal arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, Hodgkin's disease, heart failure. A decreased ESR: RBC irregular or smaller shape. |
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Q45: |
what is Rh-factor |
Bharti Balpande |
22/12/2006 |
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Rh Factor is a presence of a protein on surface of human RBC, discovered while studying Rhesus monkeys by K. Landsteiner in 1940. Present in 85% people in the world. Its presence or absence has no bearing on health. But when Rh+ and Rh- are mixed in an individual problems arise, as the Rh factor causes the production of antibodies. Example : erythroblastosis fetalis in a baby if the mother's Rh negative blood attacks baby’s Rh positive blood. The (+) of AB+ or (– )of AB- denotes RH group. |
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Q46: |
Why does plasmodium infect only female anopheles mosquito,why not male? |
Poonam |
30/11/2006 |
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Plasmodium, a malarial parasite, has to traverse the midgut epithelial cells of Anopheles mosquitoes. Cellular structure of the midgut is similar in males and females. But its protein profiles differs in males and females, of 375 proteins identified, a 2-D gel electrophoresis reveals that 10 of them are specific to male midguts while 23 proteins were specific to female’s. Of which 10 were specific to blood ingesting females. A midgut peptide1(SM1)-binding to the luminal side plays a major role. |
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Q47: |
sir, please what is the D antigen of RH factor |
ema |
23/11/2006 |
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Cells have complex proteins and glycoproteins on their surface membrane that act as recognition devices. These molecules are called antigens or immunoglobins. Rh factor, is technically the D antigen and is the Rhesus blood group system involving the Rhesus D gene, Rh antigens are polypeptides embedded within the phospholipid bilayer of the membrane of RBC, spaced in a lattice-like pattern. Rh polypeptides are polymorphic and are 92 nm in Rh(D) heterozygotes and 64 nm in homozygotes. |
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Q48: |
what is the ideal treatment for von willibrand disease |
mohammed omer |
5/10/2006 |
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As per the the National Hemophilia Foundation's (MASAC) recommendations in 1999. 1) For mild cases, Stimate, desmopressin acetate (DDAVP), a nasal spray or injection 2) For patients unresponsive to DDAVP viral-inactivated factor VIII preparations rich in von Willebrand factor such as Alphanate, Humate-P and Koate DVI are recommended. Please refer to a physician for proper treatment guidelines. |
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Q49: |
sir, thanks to send that message give about biology living process |
sridhar |
30/8/2006 |
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We are coming up with a big one on viral replication, cell membrane, mitochondria in a few days time, Thanks for the feedback |
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Q50: |
What are the major types of blood groups available?list them |
geetha |
2/8/2006 |
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There are 29 blood groups identified, out of which most common are ABO (A, B antibodies) and Rhesus type ( RhD antigen). Others are MNS, P, Kell, Lutheran, Duffy, Lewis, Kidd (JK), Diego, YT, XG, Scianna, Dombrock, Colton, LW, Gil ,Ch/Rg, Hh, Kx, Gerbich, CROM, Knops, Indian, OK, MER2 (Raph) , JMH, Li, Globside (P) |
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Q51: |
what does biology means |
dennis |
29/6/2006 |
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The science of life that studies living organisms and their characteristic life processes and phenomena such as their structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, and distribution. It is a branch of knowledge which treats living matter as distinct from non-living one . It includes all the plant and animal life of a particular region. It is subdivided into botany and zoology and further into their subdivisions. |
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Q52: |
ISIMPLE WAY OF BLOOD COMPONENT LIKE TABLE SHAPE INCLUDING NAME FUNCTION ANDCOMPOSITION OF THE ITEMS |
YAHYA ADAYLEH |
17/6/2006 |
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Except for the function part the name and composition of each element in blood is given in a tabular format in the animation, but you will have to either subscribe or buy the animation to access it. We will put it up shortly as an article on the site for free access, but it might take a week, do check back again. |
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Q53: |
what kind of ligaments function in association with synovial joints to help prevent extreme movements that might otherwise damage the joint |
crystal |
14/6/2006 |
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Ankle(a synovial hinge joint) - deltoid ligament, is in shape of the Greek letter delta and has four parts (anterior tibiotalar, tibionavicular, tibiocalcaneal, posterior tibiotalar). Hip Joint (a synovial ball and socket joint) - capsular ligaments (iliofemoral- inverted "Y", pubofemoral, ischiofemoral, zona orbicularis); Knee Joint - intracapsular (anterior & posterior) and collateral ligaments (capsular - tibial, and extracapsular - fibular). Calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament in foot arch. |
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Q54: |
Why do the excess uric acid crystals get deposited only in the joints? |
Muneeb Ahmad Faiq |
25/4/2006 |
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Cause 1 : Synovial fluid – Body produces it to lubricate joints, unnoticeable inflammation of joint regularly happens due to stress and exercise, due to which body may absorb the water from the fluid, this leaves the fluid concentrated with sodium urate and a crystal formation can take place. 2) : Cooler joints: The MTP joint, mid-foot, ankle, heel, and knee joints are most affected as these are on the extremities and are cooler than hip or shoulder ones ( rarely affected by gout). |
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Q55: |
why can glucose be sometimes refered to as hypoglycemic factor? What is the justification for that? |
Muneeb Ahmad Faiq |
19/4/2006 |
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Excess glucose is also quite likey to cause hypoglycemia, when high levels of fast metabolic sugars (sucrose, dextrose, glucose) are introduced into the body, The pancreas overreacts and secretes too much insulin, that pushes even more blood sugar out of the blood, the amount of glucose leaving the blood is then greater than the amount coming in as there are no other nutrients to sustain our blood sugar. The net effect is the blood sugar level becomes too low causing hypoglycemia. |
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